Shareholders push Amazon, Microsoft, and Google for more transparency on data center water and energy consumption

More than a dozen investors are filing resolutions and pressing the three tech giants ahead of this spring's annual shareholder meetings, demanding more detailed site-level data on water usage and conservation efforts as the companies expand their AI computing infrastructure. North American data centers used nearly 1 trillion liters of water in 2025, roughly equivalent to New York City's annual water demands, according to Mordor Intelligence, yet reporting varies widely across companies, with Amazon disclosing only water usage per unit of power rather than total consumption. Trillium Asset Management also filed a resolution with Alphabet in December flagging that the company's emissions rose 51% despite a 2020 pledge to halve them by 2030, with a similar Trillium resolution last year winning support from nearly a quarter of independent shareholders.