US-headquartered infrastructure vendors serve the majority or plurality of primary company websites in five of seven European markets studied, according to infrastructure-tracking firm CipherCue. Cloudflare fronts more sites than any other vendor in all seven countries, foreign or domestic, ranging from 15% in Poland to 37% in the Netherlands, ahead of Amazon, Google, and Microsoft. Majority shares appear in the UK at 67.5% and the Netherlands at 53.6%, with pluralities in Italy, Spain, and France, while Germany and Poland stayed lower thanks to dense domestic hosting industries. CipherCue, which sells infrastructure-tracking tools, frames the findings for Europe's digital-sovereignty debate over concentration risk, noting the study measures the internet-facing vendor rather than where a site is physically hosted.
